The PennZone

  • Home
  • Entertainment
  • Music
  • Marketing
  • Non-profit
  • Books
  • Education
  • Sports
  • Automotive

Theory Explains Wide Variance in Misinformation Susceptibility
The PennZone/10292080

Trending...
  • Black Dog Venture Partners and VC Fast Pitch to Host "San Francisco Investors and Innovators" Networking Event
  • Master Of Science, Juggernaut Of The Screen: Landon Brittain Emerges As Hollywood's Most Unlikely Leading Man
  • FindCostSeg Launches Nationwide Directory for Cost Segregation Providers
A Pittsburgh-based research institute, CIRCE, has published a peer-reviewed study showing that human minds have quirky information "immune systems."

PITTSBURGH, Jan. 8, 2025 /PRNewswire/ -- A potentially groundbreaking study may explain why people vary so greatly in their vulnerability to fake news, conspiracy theories, and radicalization.

A paper in the American Psychological Association's Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology advances a novel scientific theory about the human mind: that it has an evolved information "immune system" that can be made to function well or poorly.

Mental Immune Systems Theory, or MIST, posits cognitive defenses that function to screen out disruptive information, though sometimes in counterproductive ways. The theory offers explanations of several striking features of human psychology, among them our susceptibility to identity-protective cognition, confirmation bias, and hyper-partisan reasoning.

The article builds on decades of research showing that minds can be inoculated against later-arriving information, just as our bodies can be inoculated against later-arriving pathogens.

According to the theory, natural selection built antibody-generating defenses for the mind, just as it did for the body, and doubts are quite literally the antibodies of the mind. And just as exposure can help our bodies develop broad-spectrum immunity to problematic germs, exposure can help our minds develop broad-spectrum immunity to certain types of problematic misinformation: conspiracy theories, say, or propaganda.

More on The PennZone
  • Dr. Pen Official Introduces Advanced Microneedling Technology for Precision Skincare at Home
  • Bspin Launches Lightning-Fast Crypto Gaming Expansion With Sportsbook, Poker, VIP Rewards, and Bitcoin Lightning Network Integration
  • From Temecula Wine Country to Canyon Lake: Parkway Construction Transforms Outdoor Spaces for Inland Homeowners
  • Tim Tebow to Headline BSI CORE Annual Summit, Bringing Nearly 400 Business Leaders Together at Bethlehem's SteelStacks
  • Pipeliners Tour Brings Appalachian Basin Rally to Western Pennsylvania

Titled "Do Minds Have Immune Systems?," the paper answers its titular question with a qualified "Very probably, yes." The paper was co-authored by Andy Norman, author of Mental Immunity, Sander van der Linden, author of Foolproof and professor of psychology at Cambridge University, and Luke Johnson, the Operations Director for CIRCE. CIRCE, founded by Norman, is a think-tank dedicated to advancing and applying the science of immunity to misinformation.1

"We make the case that the mind likely has an immune system of its own," said van der Linden. "We also lay out a research agenda for verifying this theory empirically. Such work could have major implications for a world awash in misinformation," he added.

The theory builds on research initiated in the 1960s by William McGuire, an American social psychologist. McGuire showed that minds can be made resistant to untruths and information manipulation via strategic, pre-emptive "prebunking." For example, you can inoculate people against emotional manipulation by exposing them to harmless examples and discussing how they work.

McGuire's "inoculation theory" inspired hundreds of studies documenting the inoculability of the human mind. Van der Linden leads a new generation of inoculation theorists applying these findings to our world's mis- and disinformation problems.2

"The significance of our finding becomes clearer in historical context," said Norman. "Naming the body's immune system created a foundation for immunology, and this led to great advances in disease prevention. We think that naming the mind's immune system will lead to comparable advances – and help prevent harmful infodemics."3

More on The PennZone
  • Gigasoft 2026 JavaScript Chart Comparison: ProEssentials, Highcharts, SciChart, LightningChart, ECharts
  • Experienced eXp Realty Agent Kerri Lawless Guides Buyers and Sellers Through Life's Next Chapters in St. Tammany Parish
  • Supreme Garage Door Repair Redirects Marketing Dollars Into North Texas Communities
  • RAS AP Consulting Spotlights Managed AP Governance™ at Esker All Access
  • ANSI BSR Upholds Appeal of AFDE Member Andrew Sulner, MSFS, JD, finding the AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB) Violated ANSI Essential Requirements

"Imagine a world where we've puzzled out how the most capable minds filter out misinformation," continued Norman; "A world where preemptive exposure to troublesome ideas prevents the worst outbreaks of cognitive contagion. What if we could inoculate future generations against extremism, hate, and violence?"

"The idea of having a mental immune system ought to be empowering," added Johnson. "Developing this field of research could lead to major improvements in science education and prevent the spread of maladaptive thinking patterns."

"The paper puts the science of mental immunity on a solid conceptual and empirical foundation," said Norman. "Cognitive immunology is off and running."




1 About CIRCE
2 Sander Van Der Linden - Google Scholar
3 https://www.growkudos.com/publications/10.1037%25252Fteo0000297/reader


Contact:
Andy Norman
412-759-8414
[email protected]

SOURCE CIRCE
Show All News | Disclaimer | Report Violation

0 Comments
1000 characters max.

Latest on The PennZone
  • Popular AI planner Voiset launches version 2.0 and enters MENA at LEAP 2026 with full Arabic support
  • CasaPerks and CredHub Partner to Help the Multifamily Industry Strengthen Resident Activation Through Credit-Building Rewards
  • NaturismRE expands international research programme with Health & Wellbeing Survey
  • L2 Aviation and Gotonomi Extend UAV Connectivity Beyond Cellular Reach
  • LATO AI Solidifies Future in Pittsburgh with North Shore Headquarters
  • Re:InvestorHub Launches the First AI-Powered Operating System Built for Real Estate Investors
  • Nadi Plumbing Leads Charlotte in Private Fire Hydrant Services, Eyes Regional Expansion
  • Obsolete Industrial Expands Its Membership
  • FindCostSeg Launches Nationwide Directory for Cost Segregation Providers
  • Master Of Science, Juggernaut Of The Screen: Landon Brittain Emerges As Hollywood's Most Unlikely Leading Man
  • Black Dog Venture Partners and VC Fast Pitch to Host "San Francisco Investors and Innovators" Networking Event
  • Four-Time Olympian Joetta Clark Diggs to Compete at World Masters Athletics Championships in Daegu
  • New Book, The KI of Marketing, Helps Small Businesses Grow Without Trying to Outspend Bigger Competitors
  • The Alistair Apartments Reaches 95% Occupancy in Downtown Lancaster, PA
  • Food Journal Magazine Focuses Its Los Angeles Dining Coverage Across Three Editorial Verticals
  • Where Do Missouri Plane Crashes Really Happen? Not Where You'd Think
  • LCC Asia Pacific Sponsors CubeSatPlus 2026 at UNSW Sydney
  • Kellyn Endorses National Push to Expand Food is Medicine
  • LATO AI Automates Customer Communication to Help CSide Sports Academy and BAT 24 Nation Grow
  • Real Estate Syndication Attorney Tilden Moschetti Releases The Real Estate Private Equity Blueprint

Popular on PennZone

  • Heritage at South Brunswick Introduces New Ferndale Floorplan: The Largest Single-Family Home Design in the Community - 981
  • Omnitronics launches Ecosystem Health Dashboard to enable proactive monitoring across dispatch environments - 121
  • Bethany Nikitenko Appointed to Philadelphia Trial Lawyers Association Board of Directors
  • Charmaine Thompson Turns Pain Into Purpose Through Woman of Power Charmcare
  • Phinge Exposes Massive AI Security Risks, Claiming Its Patented Hardware-Verified Architecture Is The Only Safeguard Against Surveillance Capitalism
  • Nola Blue Records Announces New Album from Sherman Holmes
  • FDA Food Recall Notices After Outbreak Linked to 98 Hospitalizations: Practical Tips for Safer Grocery Shopping
  • Salestrics Introduces PraiseEngine: The AI-Native Review Engine Built to Fix Social Proof
  • Meals on Wheels of the Greater Lehigh Valley Receives $15,000 PPL Foundation Grant to Expand Access
  • The 'Tax Squeeze': Betsson's Record Quarter Previews the Economics of Finland's 2027 Casino Market

Similar on PennZone

  • RAS AP Consulting Spotlights Managed AP Governance™ at Esker All Access
  • ANSI BSR Upholds Appeal of AFDE Member Andrew Sulner, MSFS, JD, finding the AAFS Academy Standards Board (ASB) Violated ANSI Essential Requirements
  • StockResearch AI Initiates Coverage on Apple (AAPL) With New Report Examining Valuation, AI Strategy and Future Growth
  • Pete Verbica: America Needs Statesmanship and Common Sense — Not a Cult of Personality
  • When the Coroner's Report Isn't Enough: Colorado Families Turn to Private Autopsy for Closure
  • New Analysis Details Three Converging Forces in AI and Workforce Policy Behind a $37 Billion GDP Reduction
  • Popular AI planner Voiset launches version 2.0 and enters MENA at LEAP 2026 with full Arabic support
  • Black Dog Venture Partners and VC Fast Pitch to Host "San Francisco Investors and Innovators" Networking Event
  • Real Estate Syndication Attorney Tilden Moschetti Releases The Real Estate Private Equity Blueprint
  • 5X Gross Margin Improvement to Beat EPS Consensus; $54.6 Million 10-Year Contract Award Puts Cybersecurity Leader on Path to a $30 Million Run Rate
Copyright © The PennZone | Theme: OMag by LilyTurf Themes
  • Contribute
  • Privacy Policy
  • Terms of Service
  • Contact Us